Trillium sessile

ClassificationMonocots
FamilyTrilliaceae
Family (Traditional)Liliaceae
GenusTrillium
Species:Trillium sessile L.
Common NameToadshade
Growth Habitforb
Plant Notes**
CharacteristicsArmaments: No; Milky Sap: No; Photosynthetic: Yes; Stipules: No; Woody Herbaceous: Herbaceous; Natural Area Presence: LC; Duration: Perennial; General Ecology: Terrestrial; Growth Habit: forb; Moisture Requirements: Dry-mesic; Moisture Requirements: Mesic; Region of Origin: North America; Reproductive Phenology: March; Reproductive Phenology: April; Leaf Arrangement: whorled; Leaf Complexity: simple; Leaf Dissection: 0; Leaf Fragrance: No; Leaf Persistance: Deciduous; Leaf Petiole Type: sessile; Leaf Type: broadleaf; Leaf Venation: palmate; Leaf Venation: pinnate; Leaflet Margins: entire; Leaflet Number: 0; Anther Type: Basifixed; Base Flower Color: Brown (incl. Maroon); Carpel Number/Pistil: 3; Fruit Dehiscence: No; Fruit Type: Berry; Fruit Type: Capsule; Fruit Wet/Dry: Dry; Fruit Wet/Dry: Wet; Hypanthium Present: No; Inflorescence Position: terminal; Inflorescence Types: solitary; Ovary Position: Superior; Overall Flower Symmetry: Actinomorphic; Perianth Present: Yes; Petal Fusion: No; Petal Number: 3; Pistil Complexity: Compound; Pistil Number: 1; Placentation Type: Axillary; Placentation Type: Parietal; Placentation Type: Need more information; Sepal Fusion: No; Sepal Number: 3; Sexuality: monoclinous; Sporangium Arrangement: N/A; Stamen Number: 6; Tepal Fusion: No; Tepal Number: 0
C value 8
StatusNative; AGCP (UPL), EMP (UPL) (NWPL); TN[SNR] KY[S5] (State Rank); G4G5 (Global Rank)
Specimen(s) View and Download Specimen Details »

** Not applicable or data not available.

Species Distribution Map

This species has been reported in the counties highlighted in the interactive distribution map below. Click on a county to display the its name. Click the question mark icon () to view additional information about the ecoregions shown. In the map legend, there are links to toggle the visibility of the ecoregions and/or their labels. In addition, clicking on an ecoregion name will highlight that region on the map.

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  • State Boundaries
  • Counties
  • Counties - Species Present
Ecoregions
  • Southeastern Plains
    • Blackland Prarie
  • Blue Ridge Mountains
  • Ridge and Valley
  • Cumberland Plateau
  • Cumberland Mountains
  • Allegheny Plateau
  • Interior Plateau
    • Bluegrass Region
    • Nashville Basin
    • Pennyroyal Karst Plain
    • Western Highland Rim
    • Eastern Highland Rim

Synonyms (1)

SynonymFull Citation
Trillium sessile f. viridiflorum Trillium sessile f. viridiflorum Beyer

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort.

Counties included on distribution map: Adair (KY), Allen (KY), Anderson (KY), Barren (KY), Bath (KY), Boone (KY), Boyle (KY), Bracken (KY), Breathitt (KY), Breckinridge (KY), Bullitt (KY), Campbell (KY), Carroll (KY), Carter (KY), Casey (KY), Clark (KY), Clinton (KY), Edmonson (KY), Estill (KY), Fayette (KY), Fleming (KY), Franklin (KY), Gallatin (KY), Garrard (KY), Grayson (KY), Hardin (KY), Harrison (KY), Hart (KY), Henry (KY), Jackson (KY), Jefferson (KY), Jessamine (KY), Kenton (KY), Larue (KY), Laurel (KY), Lewis (KY), Lincoln (KY), McCreary (KY), McLean (KY), Madison (KY), Marion (KY), Mason (KY), Meade (KY), Menifee (KY), Mercer (KY), Metcalfe (KY), Monroe (KY), Montgomery (KY), Oldham (KY), Owen (KY), Pendleton (KY), Powell (KY), Pulaski (KY), Robertson (KY), Rockcastle (KY), Rowan (KY), Scott (KY), Shelby (KY), Trimble (KY), Warren (KY), Washington (KY), Wayne (KY), Whitley (KY), Wolfe (KY), Woodford (KY), Anderson (TN), Bedford (TN), Cannon (TN), Cheatham (TN), Clay (TN), Coffee (TN), Davidson (TN), DeKalb (TN), Dickson (TN), Giles (TN), Grundy (TN), Hamilton (TN), Hickman (TN), Houston (TN), Jackson (TN), Lawrence (TN), Lincoln (TN), Marion (TN), Marshall (TN), Maury (TN), Montgomery (TN), Moore (TN), Overton (TN), Putnam (TN), Rutherford (TN), Scott (TN), Shelby (TN), Smith (TN), Stewart (TN), White (TN), Williamson (TN), Wilson (TN)

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: APSC, BEREA, EKY, HTTU, KNK, MDKY, MEM, MTSU, SWMT, TENN, UCHT, UTM, VDB

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1938 - 2018

Accession No. (click for full details)
County
State
Coll. Date
Collector &
Collection No.
Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used
31234100164670 Adair Kentucky 14 Apr 1989 Bruce Hoagland
911
EKY
Trillium sessile
31234100164662 Adair Kentucky 22 Mar 1995 Ronald L. Jones
7725
EKY
Trillium sessile
APSC0097538 Allen Kentucky 14 Apr 1971
APSC
Trillium sessile
MTSU001862 Allen Kentucky 24 Apr 2008
MTSU
Trillium sessile
31234100164712 Anderson Kentucky 04 Apr 1956 Mary E. Wharton
9663
EKY
Trillium sessile
31234100164688 Anderson Kentucky 11 Apr 1964 Elizabeth M. Browne
8196
EKY
Trillium sessile
31234100164696 Anderson Kentucky 15 Apr 1979 William S. Bryant
362
EKY
Trillium sessile
31234100164704 Anderson Kentucky 14 May 1979 William S. Bryant
287
EKY
Trillium sessile
MDKY00006389 Anderson Kentucky
MDKY
Trillium sessile
TENN-V-0069957 Anderson Kentucky
TENN
Trillium sessile
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Plant Photos

Trillium sessile - Dwayne Estes
Trillium sessile - Dwayne Estes
Trillium sessile - Milo Pyne
Trillium sessile - Milo Pyne
Trillium sessile - Milo Pyne
Trillium sessile - Milo Pyne
Trillium sessile - Milo Pyne
Trillium sessile - Milo Pyne
Trillium sessile - Tara Littlefield
Trillium sessile - Tara Littlefield
Trillium sessile - Tara Littlefield
Trillium sessile - Tara Littlefield
Trillium sessile - Tara Littlefield
Trillium sessile - Tara Littlefield