Viola affinis

Classification	Dicots
Family	Violaceae
Family (Traditional)	Violaceae
Genus	Viola
Species:	Viola affinis LeConte
Common Name	Sand Violet
Growth Habit	forb
Plant Notes	**
Characteristics	Armaments: No; Milky Sap: No; Photosynthetic: Yes; Stipules: Yes; Woody Herbaceous: Herbaceous; Duration: Annual; Duration: Perennial; General Ecology: Terrestrial; Growth Habit: forb; Region of Origin: North America; Reproductive Phenology: April; Reproductive Phenology: May; Reproductive Phenology: June; Leaf Arrangement: basal; Leaf Complexity: simple; Leaf Dissection: 0; Leaf Fragrance: No; Leaf Persistance: Deciduous; Leaf Petiole Type: petiolate; Leaf Type: broadleaf; Leaf Venation: palmate; Leaflet Margins: crenate; Leaflet Number: 0; Anther Type: Basifixed; Base Flower Color: Blue; Base Flower Color: Purple; Carpel Number/Pistil: 3; Fruit Complexity: Simple; Fruit Dehiscence: Yes; Fruit Type: Capsule; Fruit Wet/Dry: Dry; Hypanthium Present: No; Inflorescence Position: terminal; Inflorescence Types: solitary; Ovary Position: Superior; Overall Flower Symmetry: Zygomorphic; Ovules per Carpel: 13+; Perianth Present: Yes; Petal Fusion: No; Petal Number: 5; Pistil Complexity: Compound; Pistil Number: 1; Placentation Type: Parietal; Sepal Fusion: No; Sepal Number: 5; Sexuality: monoclinous; Sporangium Arrangement: N/A; Stamen Number: 1; Stamen Number: 2; Stamen Number: 5; Tepal Number: 0
C value	4
Status	Native; AGCP (FACW), EMP (FACW) (NWPL); GNR (Global Rank)
Specimen(s)	View and Download Specimen Details »

** Not applicable or data not available.

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Species Distribution Map

This species has been reported in the counties highlighted in the interactive distribution map below. Click on a county to display the its name. Click the question mark icon () to view additional information about the ecoregions shown. In the map legend, there are links to toggle the visibility of the ecoregions and/or their labels. In addition, clicking on an ecoregion name will highlight that region on the map.

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State Boundaries
Counties
Counties - Species Present

Ecoregions

Southeastern Plains
- Blackland Prarie
Blue Ridge Mountains
Ridge and Valley
Cumberland Plateau
Cumberland Mountains
Allegheny Plateau

Interior Plateau
- Bluegrass Region
- Nashville Basin
- Pennyroyal Karst Plain
- Western Highland Rim
- Eastern Highland Rim

Interior River Valleys and Hills
- Shawnee / Caseyville Hills
Mississippi Alluvial Plain
Mississippi Valley Loess Plains
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Synonyms (6)

Synonym	Full Citation
Viola chalcosperma	Viola chalcosperma Brainerd
Viola crenulata	Viola crenulata
Viola obliqua var. crenulata	Viola obliqua var. crenulata (Greene) Farw.
Viola rosacea	Viola rosacea Brainerd
Viola sororia subsp. affinis	Viola sororia subsp. affinis (LeConte) R.J.Little
Viola sororia var. affinis	Viola sororia var. affinis (LeConte) McKinney

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Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort.

Counties included on distribution map: Bell (KY), Daviess (KY), Henry (KY), Letcher (KY), McCreary (KY), Menifee (KY), Powell (KY), Rowan (KY), Trimble (KY), Wolfe (KY), Blount (TN), Coffee (TN), DeKalb (TN), Franklin (TN), Hamilton (TN), Johnson (TN), Putnam (TN), Shelby (TN), Unicoi (TN), Wilson (TN)

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: SWMT, UCHT, MTSU, UOS, APSC, EKY, HTTU, ETSU, MEM

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1948 - 2018

Accession No. (click for full details)	County	State	Coll. Date	Collector & Collection No.	Herbarium & Herbarium Name Used
APSC0080022	Bell	Kentucky	12 May 1983		APSC Viola affinis
MEM012631	Blount	Tennessee	23 Apr 1969	Raymond Athey s.n.	MEM Viola affinis
N/A	Coffee	Tennessee	19 Apr 1996	Douglas E. Kennemore, Jr.	UOS Viola affinis
UOS06216	Coffee	Tennessee	29 Apr 1996	Douglas E. Kennemore, Jr.	UOS Viola affinis
UOS06214	Coffee	Tennessee	19 Apr 2002	Douglas E. Kennemore, Jr.	UOS Viola affinis
APSC0090815	Daviess	Kentucky	02 May 1984		APSC Viola affinis
HTTU016854	DeKalb	Tennessee			HTTU Viola affinis
UOS06217	Franklin	Tennessee	10 Apr 1997	Amy Pecquet	UOS Viola affinis
UCHT019753	Hamilton	Tennessee			UCHT Viola affinis
UCHT019751	Hamilton	Tennessee			UCHT Viola affinis

Viola affinis

Related Links

Species Distribution Map

Ecoregions

Synonyms (6)

Specimens and Distribution

Plant Photos