Xanthorhiza simplicissima

ClassificationDicots
FamilyRanunculaceae
Family (Traditional)Ranunculaceae
GenusXanthorhiza
Species:Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marsh.
Common NameYellowroot
Growth Habitshrub
Plant Notes**
CharacteristicsArmaments: No; Milky Sap: No; Photosynthetic: Yes; Stipules: No; Woody Herbaceous: Woody; Natural Area Presence: BFM; Natural Area Presence: BISO; Natural Area Presence: FCFSP; Natural Area Presence: FG; Natural Area Presence: GM; Natural Area Presence: GRSM; Natural Area Presence: LGS; Natural Area Presence: LRC; Natural Area Presence: LULA; Natural Area Presence: NCCGSNA; Natural Area Presence: ObedWSR; Natural Area Presence: SGSNA; Natural Area Presence: WOLF; Duration: Perennial; General Ecology: Terrestrial; Growth Habit: shrub; Moisture Requirements: Mesic; Moisture Requirements: Mesic-Hydric; Moisture Requirements: Hydric; Moisture Requirements: Wetland; Region of Origin: North America; Reproductive Phenology: March; Reproductive Phenology: April; Reproductive Phenology: May; Reproductive Phenology: June; Leaf Arrangement: alternate; Leaf Complexity: compound; Leaf Dissection: 1; Leaf Dissection: 1.5; Leaf Fragrance: No; Leaf Persistance: Deciduous; Leaf Petiole Type: petiolate; Leaf Type: broadleaf; Leaf Venation: pinnate; Leaflet Margins: doubly serrate; Leaflet Margins: lobed; Leaflet Number: 3; Leaflet Number: 5; Leaflet Number: 7; Leaflet Number: 9; Base Flower Color: Brown (incl. Maroon); Base Flower Color: Purple; Fruit Dehiscence: Yes; Fruit Type: Follicle; Fruit Wet/Dry: Dry; Overall Flower Symmetry: Actinomorphic; Perianth Present: Yes; Sporangium Arrangement: N/A; Stamen Number: 5; Stamen Number: 10
C value 3
StatusNative; AGCP (FACW), EMP (FACW) (NWPL); TN[SNR] KY[S5] (State Rank); G5 (Global Rank)
Specimen(s) View and Download Specimen Details »

** Not applicable or data not available.

Species Distribution Map

This species has been reported in the counties highlighted in the interactive distribution map below. Click on a county to display the its name. Click the question mark icon () to view additional information about the ecoregions shown. In the map legend, there are links to toggle the visibility of the ecoregions and/or their labels. In addition, clicking on an ecoregion name will highlight that region on the map.

Leaflet | Powered by Esri | USGS, NOAA
  • State Boundaries
  • Counties
  • Counties - Species Present
Ecoregions
  • Southeastern Plains
    • Blackland Prarie
  • Blue Ridge Mountains
  • Ridge and Valley
  • Cumberland Plateau
  • Cumberland Mountains
  • Allegheny Plateau
  • Interior Plateau
    • Bluegrass Region
    • Nashville Basin
    • Pennyroyal Karst Plain
    • Western Highland Rim
    • Eastern Highland Rim

Synonyms

No synonyms exist for this species.

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort.

Counties included on distribution map: Carter (KY), Elliott (KY), Jackson (KY), Laurel (KY), McCreary (KY), Menifee (KY), Owsley (KY), Pulaski (KY), Rockcastle (KY), Whitley (KY), Wolfe (KY), Bledsoe (TN), Blount (TN), Campbell (TN), Carter (TN), Chester (TN), Cocke (TN), Cumberland (TN), DeKalb (TN), Fentress (TN), Franklin (TN), Grainger (TN), Grundy (TN), Hamilton (TN), Hardin (TN), Henderson (TN), Johnson (TN), McMinn (TN), McNairy (TN), Marion (TN), Monroe (TN), Morgan (TN), Overton (TN), Polk (TN), Putnam (TN), Rhea (TN), Roane (TN), Robertson (TN), Rutherford (TN), Scott (TN), Sequatchie (TN), Sevier (TN), Unicoi (TN), Van Buren (TN), Washington (TN), White (TN)

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: APSC, EKY, HTTU, MEM, ETSU, KNK, UCHT, BEREA, TENN, MTSU, UOS

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1955 - 2017

Accession No. (click for full details)
County
State
Coll. Date
Collector &
Collection No.
Herbarium &
Herbarium Name Used
TENN-V-0095859 Bledsoe Tennessee
TENN
Xanthorhiza simplicissima
TENN-V-0095860 Bledsoe Tennessee
TENN
Xanthorhiza simplicissima
UCHT011709 Bledsoe Tennessee
UCHT
Xanthorhiza simplicissima
APSC0111530 Bledsoe Tennessee
APSC
Xanthorhiza simplicissima
MEM008424 Blount Tennessee 15 May 1973 Raymond Athey
s.n
MEM
Xanthorhiza simplicissima
TENN-V-0095861 Blount Tennessee
TENN
Xanthorhiza simplicissima
TENN-V-0095862 Blount Tennessee
TENN
Xanthorhiza simplicissima
TENN-V-0095863 Blount Tennessee
TENN
Xanthorhiza simplicissima
APSC0005738 Campbell Tennessee 07 May 2008 Aaron Floden, D.K. Smith and Gene Wofford
399
APSC
Xanthorhiza simplicissima
TENN-V-0095866 Campbell Tennessee
TENN
Xanthorhiza simplicissima
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Plant Photos

Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Alaina Krakowiak
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Alaina Krakowiak
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Ashley B. Morris
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Ashley B. Morris
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Alaina Krakowiak
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Alaina Krakowiak
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Dwayne Estes
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Dwayne Estes
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Tara Littlefield
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Tara Littlefield
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Theo Witsell
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Theo Witsell
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - Joey Shaw