Viola primulifolia

Classification	Dicots
Family	Violaceae
Family (Traditional)	Violaceae
Genus	Viola
Species:	Viola primulifolia L.
Common Name	Primrosed Leaf Violet; Primrose Leaved Violet
Growth Habit	forb
Plant Notes	**
Characteristics	Armaments: No; Milky Sap: No; Photosynthetic: Yes; Stipules: Yes; Woody Herbaceous: Herbaceous; Natural Area Presence: BE; Natural Area Presence: BFM; Natural Area Presence: FCFSP; Natural Area Presence: FG; Natural Area Presence: GILES; Natural Area Presence: GRSM; Natural Area Presence: LGS; Natural Area Presence: LRC; Natural Area Presence: LULA; Natural Area Presence: NCCGSNA; Natural Area Presence: ObedWSR; Natural Area Presence: SGSNA; Natural Area Presence: WOLF; Duration: Perennial; General Ecology: Terrestrial; Growth Habit: forb; Moisture Requirements: Mesic-Hydric; Moisture Requirements: Hydric; Moisture Requirements: Wetland; Region of Origin: North America; Reproductive Phenology: March; Reproductive Phenology: April; Reproductive Phenology: May; Leaf Arrangement: basal; Leaf Complexity: simple; Leaf Dissection: 0; Leaf Fragrance: No; Leaf Persistance: Deciduous; Leaf Petiole Type: petiolate; Leaf Type: broadleaf; Leaf Venation: pinnate; Leaflet Number: 0; Anther Type: Basifixed; Base Flower Color: White; Carpel Number/Pistil: 3; Fruit Dehiscence: Yes; Fruit Type: Capsule; Fruit Wet/Dry: Dry; Hypanthium Present: No; Ovary Position: Superior; Overall Flower Symmetry: Zygomorphic; Perianth Present: Yes; Petal Fusion: No; Petal Number: 5; Pistil Number: 1; Placentation Type: Parietal; Sepal Fusion: No; Sepal Number: 5; Sexuality: monoclinous; Sporangium Arrangement: N/A; Stamen Number: 5
C value	7
Status	Native; AGCP (FACW), EMP (FAC) (NWPL); TN[SNR] KY[SNR] (State Rank); G5 (Global Rank)
Specimen(s)	View and Download Specimen Details »

** Not applicable or data not available.

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Species Distribution Map

This species has been reported in the counties highlighted in the interactive distribution map below. Click on a county to display the its name. Click the question mark icon () to view additional information about the ecoregions shown. In the map legend, there are links to toggle the visibility of the ecoregions and/or their labels. In addition, clicking on an ecoregion name will highlight that region on the map.

State Boundaries
Counties
Counties - Species Present

Ecoregions

Southeastern Plains
- Blackland Prarie
Blue Ridge Mountains
Ridge and Valley
Cumberland Plateau
Cumberland Mountains
Allegheny Plateau

Interior Plateau
- Bluegrass Region
- Nashville Basin
- Pennyroyal Karst Plain
- Western Highland Rim
- Eastern Highland Rim

Interior River Valleys and Hills
- Shawnee / Caseyville Hills
Mississippi Alluvial Plain
Mississippi Valley Loess Plains
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Synonyms

Synonym	Full Citation
Viola primulifolia	Viola x primulifolia L. (pro sp.) [lanceolata × macloskeyi]

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort.

Counties included on distribution map: Knox (KY), Laurel (KY), Lincoln (KY), McCreary (KY), Pike (KY), Pulaski (KY), Rowan (KY), Whitley (KY), Bledsoe (TN), Carroll (TN), Coffee (TN), Cumberland (TN), Davidson (TN), Fentress (TN), Franklin (TN), Grundy (TN), Hamilton (TN), Johnson (TN), McNairy (TN), Marion (TN), Moore (TN), Polk (TN), Putnam (TN), Roane (TN), Rutherford (TN), Scott (TN), Sequatchie (TN), Unicoi (TN), Van Buren (TN), Warren (TN), White (TN)

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: APSC, BEREA, ETSU, HTTU, KNK, MTSU, TENN, UCHT, UOS, VDB

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1940 - 2017

Accession No. (click for full details)	County	State	Coll. Date	Collector & Collection No.	Herbarium & Herbarium Name Used
31973000018356	Franklin	Tennessee	14 May 1996	McKinney, Landon 6576	KNK Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152605	Scott	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152601	Polk	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152610	Van Buren	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
UCHT020008	Marion	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
UCHT020023	Polk	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
UCHT020016	Polk	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
APSC0108608	Cumberland	Tennessee			APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0013356	Polk	Tennessee		Joey Shaw, Dwayne Estes, Sunny Hart, Emily Blyveis, Aaron Floden, and Rob Shepard	APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0080059	Laurel	Kentucky	09 May 1980		APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0052230	Hamilton	Tennessee			APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0061147	Rowan	Kentucky	01 May 1983	Max Medley	APSC Viola primulifolia
MTSU012553	Davidson	Tennessee	19 May 1940	Gentry Moffitt	MTSU Viola primulifolia
MTSU012793	Warren	Tennessee	10 Apr 2002	Dawn Cantrell 15	MTSU Viola primulifolia
UOS06306	Van Buren	Tennessee	03-May-01	Chris A. Fleming	UOS Viola primulifolia
BEREA022480	Pulaski	Kentucky			BEREA Viola primulifolia
N/A	Johnson	Tennessee	28 Apr 2017	Frosty Levy	ETSU Viola primulifolia
N/A	Unicoi	Tennessee	23 May 2014	Frosty Levy	ETSU Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152609	Van Buren	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152608	Van Buren	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152607	Sequatchie	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
UCHT020011	Hamilton	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
APSC0000494	Carroll	Tennessee	04 May 1972	B A Thompson 577	APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0107120	Franklin	Tennessee			APSC Viola primulifolia
MTSU012552	Davidson	Tennessee	25 Apr 2006	Rebecca Moss 36	MTSU Viola primulifolia
UOS06307	Marion	Tennessee	14 Apr 1959	J.M. Hyde	UOS Viola primulifolia
UOS06305	Franklin	Tennessee	24 Sep 2005	Yolande M. Gottfried	UOS Viola primulifolia
UOS06309	Grundy	Tennessee	05 May 1969	DS	UOS Viola primulifolia
BRIT154041		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154002		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
31973000018350	Rowan	Kentucky		Luken, James s.n.	KNK Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152603	Roane	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152602	Putnam	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
UCHT020010	Bledsoe	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
UCHT020012	Polk	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
UCHT020026	Hamilton	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
UCHT020014	Marion	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
UCHT020019	Hamilton	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
APSC0040400	Fentress	Tennessee			APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0061174	Pulaski	Kentucky	15 May 1980	Max Medley	APSC Viola primulifolia
MTSU012547	Coffee	Tennessee	18 Apr 1985	Lyle Mason 9	MTSU Viola primulifolia
UOS06310	Franklin	Tennessee	28 Apr 2009	Jon Evans	UOS Viola primulifolia
UOS06312	Franklin	Tennessee	26 Apr 2007	Yolande M. Gottfried	UOS Viola primulifolia
UOS06308	Grundy	Tennessee	06 May 1968	George Wm. Speck	UOS Viola primulifolia
BRIT154025		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
N/A	Johnson	Tennessee	01 Jul 2016	Frosty Levy	ETSU Viola primulifolia
N/A	Unicoi	Tennessee	30 Apr 2016	Frosty Levy	ETSU Viola primulifolia
31973000018352	Marion	Tennessee	06 Aug 1996	McKinney, Landon 6768	KNK Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152611	Van Buren	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
UCHT020018		Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
UCHT020007	Polk	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
UCHT020022	Polk	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
UCHT020025	Hamilton	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
APSC0101796	Whitley	Kentucky			APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0061163	Pulaski	Kentucky	22 May 1983	Max Medley	APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0103689	Warren	Tennessee			APSC Viola primulifolia
HTTU017097	Sequatchie	Tennessee			HTTU Viola primulifolia
UCHT033267	Hamilton	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
BRIT154033		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154038		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154023		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BEREA022479	Pulaski	Kentucky			BEREA Viola primulifolia
BEREA022478	Pulaski	Kentucky			BEREA Viola primulifolia
N/A	Unicoi	Tennessee	15 May 2014	Frosty Levy	ETSU Viola primulifolia
31973000018359	Lincoln	Kentucky	17 May 1996	Libby, Gary 1372	KNK Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152606	Scott	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
APSC0078889	White	Tennessee			APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0061122	Knox	Kentucky	19 May 1979	Max Medley	APSC Viola primulifolia
HTTU017096	Van Buren	Tennessee			HTTU Viola primulifolia
MTSU012551	Coffee	Tennessee	19 May 1988	Landon E. McKinney 2850-4	MTSU Viola primulifolia
BRIT154013		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154017		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154016		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154043		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154006		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154004		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154024		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152604	Roane	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
UCHT020017	Hamilton	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
APSC0061161	Pike	Kentucky			APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0000493	McNairy	Tennessee	18 Apr 1981	V Bates 2228	APSC Viola primulifolia
MTSU012548	Coffee	Tennessee	26 Apr 1985	Landon E. McKinney 04019-2	MTSU Viola primulifolia
UOS06311	Franklin	Tennessee	10 May 1998	Mary P. Priestley	UOS Viola primulifolia
UOS06302	Franklin	Tennessee	04 May 2005	Yolande M. Gottfried	UOS Viola primulifolia
BRIT154027		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154001		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154019		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
ETSU032697	Johnson	Tennessee			ETSU Viola primulifolia
BRIT154042		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154014		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154008		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
UOS06303	Franklin	Tennessee	10 Apr 1997	Jon Evans	UOS Viola primulifolia
BRIT154021		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154009		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154011		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154036		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154032		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154028		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154045		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154034		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154007		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154018		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
ETSU032698	Johnson	Tennessee			ETSU Viola primulifolia
TENN-V-0152612	Warren	Tennessee			TENN Viola primulifolia
UCHT020020	Marion	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
APSC0018326	Polk	Tennessee	19 Apr 2011	Joey Shaw, Dwayne Estes	APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0101800	McCreary	Kentucky			APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0101803	Hamilton	Tennessee			APSC Viola primulifolia
MTSU012546	Rutherford	Tennessee	20 Apr 1992	Todd Adams 34	MTSU Viola primulifolia
BRIT154015		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154026		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154010		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154020		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154029		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154037		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154003		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
APSC0073909	Grundy	Tennessee			APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0061170	Laurel	Kentucky	20 Aug 1979	Max Medley	APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0099576	Moore	Tennessee			APSC Viola primulifolia
APSC0055446	Cumberland	Tennessee			APSC Viola primulifolia
UCHT033266	Hamilton	Tennessee			UCHT Viola primulifolia
BRIT154005		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154030		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154039		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154035		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
ETSU032694	Johnson	Tennessee			ETSU Viola primulifolia
BRIT154022		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154044		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154031		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia
BRIT154040		Tennessee			VDB Viola primulifolia

View a List of All Ecological Communities

Viola primulifolia

Related Links

Species Distribution Map

Ecoregions

Synonyms

Specimens and Distribution

Plant Photos