Rubus bifrons

Classification	Dicots
Family	Rosaceae
Family (Traditional)	Rosaceae
Genus	Rubus
Species:	Rubus bifrons Vest ex Tratt.
Common Name	European Blackberry; Himalayan Berry
Growth Habit	shrub
Plant Notes	**
Characteristics	Armaments: Yes; Milky Sap: No; Photosynthetic: Yes; Stipules: Yes; Woody Herbaceous: Woody; Natural Area Presence: DRU; Natural Area Presence: GILES; Natural Area Presence: LC; Natural Area Presence: LGS; Natural Area Presence: TRG; Duration: Perennial; General Ecology: Terrestrial; Growth Habit: shrub; Region of Origin: Europe; Reproductive Phenology: May; Reproductive Phenology: June; Reproductive Phenology: July; Leaf Arrangement: alternate; Leaf Complexity: compound; Leaf Dissection: 1; Leaf Fragrance: No; Leaf Persistance: Evergreen; Leaf Persistance: Tardily Deciduous; Leaf Petiole Type: petiolate; Leaf Type: broadleaf; Leaf Venation: palmate; Leaf Venation: ternate; Leaflet Margins: doubly serrate; Leaflet Number: 3; Leaflet Number: 5; Base Flower Color: Pink; Base Flower Color: White; Fruit Dehiscence: No; Fruit Type: Aggregate; Fruit Type: Berry; Fruit Type: Drupe; Fruit Wet/Dry: Wet; Hypanthium Present: Yes; Ovary Position: Superior; Overall Flower Symmetry: Actinomorphic; Perianth Present: Yes; Petal Fusion: No; Petal Number: 5; Pistil Number: 4; Pistil Number: 5; Pistil Number: 6; Pistil Number: 7; Pistil Number: 8; Pistil Number: 9; Pistil Number: 10; Pistil Number: 11; Pistil Number: 12; Pistil Number: 13+; Sepal Fusion: No; Sepal Number: 5; Sexuality: monoclinous; Sporangium Arrangement: N/A; Stamen Number: 13+
C value	N/A
Status	Not Native; TN[SNA] KY[SNA] (State Rank); G5 (Global Rank)
Specimen(s)	View and Download Specimen Details »

** Not applicable or data not available.

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Species Distribution Map

This species has been reported in the counties highlighted in the interactive distribution map below. Click on a county to display the its name. Click the question mark icon () to view additional information about the ecoregions shown. In the map legend, there are links to toggle the visibility of the ecoregions and/or their labels. In addition, clicking on an ecoregion name will highlight that region on the map.

State Boundaries
Counties
Counties - Species Present

Ecoregions

Southeastern Plains
- Blackland Prarie
Blue Ridge Mountains
Ridge and Valley
Cumberland Plateau
Cumberland Mountains
Allegheny Plateau

Interior Plateau
- Bluegrass Region
- Nashville Basin
- Pennyroyal Karst Plain
- Western Highland Rim
- Eastern Highland Rim

Interior River Valleys and Hills
- Shawnee / Caseyville Hills
Mississippi Alluvial Plain
Mississippi Valley Loess Plains
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Synonyms

No synonyms exist for this species.

Specimens and Distribution

This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. An overview of the individual specimens are provided in the table that follows. Click on the accession number to view details; click on column headers to sort.

Counties included on distribution map: Fulton (KY), Trigg (KY), Claiborne (TN), Davidson (TN), Fentress (TN), Giles (TN), Hamilton (TN), Hawkins (TN), Humphreys (TN), Knox (TN), Lawrence (TN), Madison (TN), Marion (TN), Maury (TN), Meigs (TN), Obion (TN), Polk (TN), Rutherford (TN), Sequatchie (TN), Stewart (TN), Sullivan (TN)

Herbaria represented by specimen data listed below: APSC, EKY, ETSU, MTSU, TENN, UCHT

Range of years during which specimens were collected: 1985 - 2019

Accession No. (click for full details)	County	State	Coll. Date	Collector & Collection No.	Herbarium & Herbarium Name Used
TENN-V-0117044	Stewart	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117045	Sullivan	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
APSC0082887	Claiborne	Tennessee			APSC Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117033	Hamilton	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117030	Fentress	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
UCHT015232	Lawrence	Tennessee			UCHT Rubus bifrons
APSC0004630	Obion	Tennessee	14 May 1986	Milo Guthrie, with Paul Somers 868	APSC Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117035	Knox	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117037	Marion	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
MTSU008422	Maury	Tennessee	13 Jul 2001	Dwayne Estes	MTSU Rubus bifrons
APSC0070404	Fulton	Kentucky	08 Oct 1986	Max Medley	APSC Rubus bifrons
APSC0069102	Trigg	Kentucky	13 Oct 2017	Edward Chester	APSC Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117038	Meigs	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117034	Knox	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
APSC0055942	Stewart	Tennessee			APSC Rubus bifrons
MTSU008421	Maury	Tennessee	13 Jul 2001	Dwayne Estes	MTSU Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117029	Davidson	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117042	Rutherford	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117043	Sequatchie	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117040	Obion	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
APSC0004632	Maury	Tennessee	09 Jul 2000	Dwayne Estes 809	APSC Rubus bifrons
ETSU026305	Hawkins	Tennessee	25 Jun 2019	Frosty Levy, Elaine Walker 19470	ETSU Rubus bifrons
31234100635406	Fulton	Kentucky	21 May 1985	Raymond Athey 5090	EKY Rubus bifrons
APSC0055941	Stewart	Tennessee			APSC Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117036	Madison	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117039	Obion	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117041	Polk	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117032	Hamilton	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
TENN-V-0117031	Giles	Tennessee			TENN Rubus bifrons
UCHT015233	Stewart	Tennessee			UCHT Rubus bifrons
APSC0004631	Humphreys	Tennessee	06 Jun 2002	Stephanie M. Gunn with E.W. Chester 469	APSC Rubus bifrons
APSC0004627	Stewart	Tennessee	30 Jul 2002	Edward W. Chester 14547	APSC Rubus bifrons
N/A	Hawkins	Tennessee	25 Jun 2019	Frosty Levy, Elaine Walker	ETSU Rubus bifrons

View a List of All Ecological Communities

Rubus bifrons

Related Links

Species Distribution Map

Ecoregions

Synonyms

Specimens and Distribution

Plant Photos